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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
SLE is an auto-immune disease with an unknown cause that can affect many organs in the body. This disease is diagnosed by a rheumatologist based on the patient's symptoms and blood tests, including ANA and several other auto-antibodies. This disease is highly variable and can affect patients in many ways - including causing joint and muscle pain, rashes, kidney/heart/lung issues, and blood abnormalities. Other manifestations might include fatigue, hair loss, sores in the mouth, blood clots, miscarriages, protein in the urine, blood vessel inflammation, seizures, and Raynaud’s. SLE is a rare disease that affects women much more than men (9:1). Age of onset is variable- but more common in younger people.
Diagnosis
A rheumatologist makes the diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus after careful evaluation of the patient's symptoms, historical events, and lab findings. There are many possible diagnoses that can mimic lupus, and all of this is taken into consideration when arriving at the diagnosis. It is not uncommon for a single patient to have an "overlap" and have several auto-immune diseases at the same time. SLE is a complex disease to both diagnose and treat; for this reason, there is a specialty (Rheumatology) devoted to this rare diagnosis.
Treatment
The treatment of lupus has evolved over time and every year, the field advances with new discoveries and treatment modalities. There are many treatment options including pills, shots, and IV meds. The individual patient's treatment program is custom-designed to best treat their specific disease manifestations. Of course, regular monitoring of the patient's response and blood tests is required. Most patients respond very well to the available treatment and live full lives!
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